Analysis of The Lost World by Michael Crichton Essay -- The Lost World

Analysis of The Lost World by Michael Crichton Michael Crichton's novel, The Lost World began with the exposition of a character who is infamous to Crichton's work, Ian Malcom. The entire introduction and prologue is about Malcom and his scientific views and theories. In a section of the book called 'Hypothesis';, Malcom discusses a theory of 'lost worlds'; - areas in which extinct beings may live, with Richard Levine, a man who's ideas were totally different from Malcoms. Levine and Malcom discuss a possible journey to an island that is suspected to be one of the so-called 'lost worlds';. At first, Malcom is reluctant and thinks that the idea is stupid. After much coaxing, Malcom agrees to go. Levine arrives on the island first, after a lot of useless chatter and talk and the introduction of two young characters, Arby and Kelley, who are students of Levine's and sometimes run errands for him. Almost immediately after they arrive, Levine and his assistant, Diego, begin to search for clues to what the science community calls 'aberrant forms';, which many people have spotted but have been unable to identify. They come to a stream bed, where they are attacked by a group of unidentifiable animals. They capture and kill Diego, and Levine is nearly killed. Malcom and his team of field researchers finally make it to the island - and Arby and Kelley stow away in one of the many high-tech trailers that they had taken on their expedition. After the first day or so goes smoothly, chaos breaks out. When three men, Dodgson, King, and Basselton decide to go to the island, thinking that no one has been there. They plan on stealing the dinosaur eggs and breeding them. In doing so, they cause a ruckus on the island, and the dinosaurs begin to lose their patience. They go on a killing spree, which is graphically described by Critchton as well as nearly killing Arby. The climax of the story comes when Malcom and Sarah Harding (one of his associates) get trapped in a trailer that is about to tumble off the ledge of a cliff. Luckily for them, they are saved by another of their colleagues, named Richard Thorn, saves them by using Dodgson's jeep (which they had thought was broken down, AND after they thought all three of the egg thieves were dead) and ties a rope to the trailer and miraculously saves them. The story isn't over yet, though. The group mi... ... putting together trailers for their expedition and they tell the boss that they are too weak and something could happen, but the boss ignores thim. It's so obvious, but it is foreshadowing. Also, another classic example of foreshadowing from the Jurassic Park series is the shaking and rumbling of the ground then a calm for a second or two before the t-rex attacks. Once again, obvious, but it's still an example of foreshadowing. All in all, this book was good even though I do not enjoy reading. Despite many things that I thought could have been clarified and in a lot of instances, were so dumb that they insulted me, I was entertained by the book. It had a little bit of everything†¦Mind games, action, gore and death, and what I thought was the best part of the entire book†¦Great characters. Between the most important characters, such as Malcom, to the lower-status ones such as Sarah Harding, or even Kelley and Arby's parents, who never actually appear†¦All of them were greatly put together. I might not be able to recommend this book to you if you are reading for pleasure, but if there was one book that you absolutely had to read, Michael Crichton's The Lost World has to be it.

Anorexia Nervosa Essay -- Disease/Disorders

Anorexia Nervosa Anorexia Nervosa, AN, is an eating disorder that affects mostly females in their teenage years. The number of people that suffer from this disorder has increase in the recent decades making it a disorder that causes more deaths compare to any other psychological disorder. AN can have an effect on someone’s social life as well as physically and psychologically. It’s a disorder that can be treated with proper treatment, but identifying the symptoms is the first step. According to the present clinical literature, anorexia nervosa entails refusal to uphold health weight range as well as body image distortion. The most common symptoms of AN that can be identified include fear of gaining weight or/and becoming fat; refusing to maintain a healthy weight according to the height and age; failing to make anticipated weight growths at times of physical development and growth; loss of the menstrual cycle in females. (DSM –IV-TR,2000). Anorexia nervosa is portrayed by relentless hunt of thinness, emaciation, deep fear of gaining weight and distortion of body image. People with anorexia initially start dieting in order to lose weight which over time, the weight loss develops into a sign of control and mastery. The force to become slim is in reality secondary to concerns regarding control or/and fears involving one’s body. An individual carries on the cycle of limited eating, frequently accompanied by behaviors like overuse of diet pills, excessive exercising and laxatives to achieve weight loss. Eventually the body is driven to a point near starvation. There is obviously a strong connection between body image and eating disorders. With the media constantly feeding the idea of what the perfect body should be ... ... References American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Birmingham, C. L., & Treasure, J. (2010). Medical management of eating disorders. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Boyd, M. (2005). Psychiatric nursing: Contemporary practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. DeAngelis, T. (2002). Promising treatments for anorexia and bulimia. Monitor on Psychology, 33, 38. Dziegielewski, S. F. (2010). DSM-IV-TR in action. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Gay, K. (2003). Eating Disorders- Anorexia, Bulimia, and Binge Eating. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers Inc. Lock, J. (2001). Treatment manual for anorexia nervosa: A family-based approach. New York: Guilford Press. http://www.medicinenet.com/anorexia_nervosa/article.htm â€Æ'

Bribery: Tammany Hall Essay

Political machines of fraud and bribery Introduction: Lincoln Steffens published the â€Å"shame of the cities† witch was a book based on the corruption in the 1900’s. By 1900, many cities in the south of America were controlled by political machines. These organizations consisted of full-time politicians whose main goal was to get and keep politicians power and money and also influence that went into it. In the 1900’s, machines were usually associated with a political party; party’s forced to join to limit competition. And although it provided aids it also stifled opportunities for many citizens. Political bosses controlled access to city jobs for example police and fire departments or on contraction projects. To get a city work contract you had to donate to the machines reelection campaign. Many business paid politicians make government not to interfere with their activities. Such payoffs became part of the cost of doing business. Muckrakers called them BRIBERY National government also suffered from corruption. For example, the constitution gave state legislatures the power to choose senators, but corporations often bribed state legislators to elect their favored candidates to the senate. The senates were really wealthy men with class ties to powerful industries. As cities and their problems grew rapidly the political environment changed. No longer did politicians run small manageable cities. These were big cities with big city problems and the government structures designed to cope with these problems grew. As the government grew it became the livelihood for many professional politicians. Some would argue that these politicians were corrupt, they would argue that they provided a needed service . he Society of St. Tammany, which was also called the Columbian Order, was founded in May 1789 (some sources say 1786). The organization took its name from Tamamend, a legendary Indian chief in the American northeast who was said to have had friendly dealings with William Penn in the 1680s. The original purpose of the Tammany Society was for discussion of politics in the new nation. The club was organized with titles and rituals based, quite loosely, on Native American lore. For instance, the leader of Tammany was known as the Grand Sachem, and the club’s headquarters was known as the wigwam. Befor long the Society of St. Tammany turned into a distinct political organization affiliated with Aaron burr, a powerful force in New York politics at the time.

The Environmental Management System of Starbucks Coffee

Background of the companyâ€Å" Starbucks Coffee is the figure one purveyor of java in the universe. Starbucks Coffee is an American planetary java company and cafe concatenation based in Seattle, Washington. Furthermore, Starbucks Company is the largest cafe company in the universe in front of Costa Coffee, with 20,737 shops worldwide. Howard Schultz, the Chairman and CEO of Starbucks â€Å" . With what stated supra, Howard is really seeking to do Starbucks a 2nd place in our day-to-day lives. That is why, they are seeking to convey ‘family’ into the image whereby people of all ages can come to Starbucks and bask themselves. Starbucks started their first shop in 1971 opened in Seattle, Washington. Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl and Gordon Bowker got the thought from Alfred Peet of opening Starbucks java shop. Starbucks is now presenting a healthier option of nutrient and drinks for kids. Therefore, working parents can now bask their cup of java while making their work witho ut worrying about what nutrient and imbibe their kids can devour. Furthermore, with a household construct it excessively can construct a closer relationship between households.Introduction to the services / merchandises of the companyStarbucks is really peculiar about run intoing all their customers’ demands. The environment of their mercantile establishment is good equipped from friendly staff, a comfortable topographic point to loosen up to bask a good cup of java with your loved 1s and non to advert good Wi-Fi. Thus, working parents can come to Starbucks and make their work without experiencing stressed out. All in all, Starbucks is the perfect topographic point for households to dine in. In add-on, Starbucks serve both hot and cold drinks, whole-bean java, micro-ground instant java, full-leaf teas and besides bites. Most Starbucks shops besides sell pre-packaged nutrient points, hot and cold sandwiches, and points such as mugs and tumblers. Since 1987, Starbucks had opene d an norm of two new shops every twenty-four hours and had been profitable as local company in early 1980s. In add-on the shop ab initio sold merely coffee beans and java devising equipment instead than the drinks they had become celebrated presents. Starbucks is besides celebrated for holding good services and serve good quality of java. Furthermore, Starbucks besides introduced the new drive-thru construct shops with consistence in sort so that clients have the option to bask their favourite java on the spell, or at the shop should they prefer to stretch their legs and relax.Designation of the possible environmental impacts that possibly caused by the services / merchandises of the company. ( 10marks )Overall, Starbucks Coffee is recognized by many environmental associations for their eternal part as a â€Å"Green† company. Throughout the procedure of turning, processing and transporting the java beans, Starbucks Coffee has been in support of environmentally-sound java turn ing patterns and to guarantee the sustainability of its merchandise supply. Starbucks Coffee strives to cut down their environmental impact through some enterprises aiming issues like recycle, reuse, waste decrease every bit good as instruction spouses and consumers. However, there are some negative environmental impacts that are caused by the services and merchandises of Starbucks Coffee. Firstly, based on the Starbucks 2007 CSR Annual Report, each Starbucks Coffee shop uses 6.78kW/h of electricity, 0.058 thermos of natural gas, and 25 gallons of H2O, on norm, per square pes per month ( Saed, 2009 ) . The most serious environmental impact is H2O wastage. Recently, Starbucks Coffee is criticized by environmental experts for blowing 23.4 million litres of H2O per twenty-four hours caused by running lights-outs at its about 10,000 mercantile establishments worldwide ( Saed, 2009 ) . The wastage of H2O is a menace to the environment and wildlife as the pat H2O is sourced from rivers and belowground H2O. Since javas are brewed and served to clients in packaging like paper cups, doubtless another inevitable wastage of Starbucks Coffee is its java cups. It is estimated that the company produces more than 2 billion paper cups per twelvemonth ( Mother Nature Network Holding Company, 2010 ) . Since Starbucks Coffee uses disposable paper cups made of 10 % recycled paper fibre and 90 % new paper, tremendous measure of natural resources like trees, H2O and energy are required for the processing of the paper cups. In add-on to that, the company’s paper cups are laminated with fictile rosin liner, therefore are unable to be recycled. After devouring their javas, the paper cups are extremely likely to stop up in a landfill in which decomposing of the paper cups occurs. This will ensue in the release of methane gas, which is a nursery gas with 23 times the heat-trapping power of C dioxide ( Saed, 2009 ) . Emission of this nursery gas causes nursery consequence which will take to planetary heating. Although Starbucks Coffee is promoting clients to convey in their ain reclaimable cups and bask a 10 % price reduction by making so, more inaugural is needed to actuate clients to be more environmental-friendly.The company’s environmental direction system.There are five environmental direction system that have been implement by Starbuck Company are constructing greener shops, recycling & A ; cut downing waste, Starbucks recycling substructure, cut downing waste with reclaimable Cups and H2O preservation. First Starbuck construct greener shops. Starbuck is a shop that holding LEED ® Certified Stores. They have created environmental consciousness on a planetary graduated table since from the design phase right through to building and operations. Besides that, Starbuck besides pay attending in energy preservation & A ; renewable energy, they have pay attending and committed to cut downing the measure of utilizing energy and besides back uping new, renewable solutions and prefer to utilize the energy in the green manner. Second, recycling and cut downing waste. Starbuck company said that they have 39 % of their retail shops in USA AND Canada were able to offer forepart of shop recycling and 71 % of java were able to recycle and be a fertiliser. Starbuck besides working with Paper Recovery Alliance to increase credence of their stuffs while customize their recycling plan to suit changing regional demands every bit much as possible. Besides that, in 2013 Starbuck have 80 % ( more than 3,200 ) of their shops in USA and Canada have recycled composition board boxes and other back-of-store points. Starbuck Company besides encourage their clients to happen out if their packaging is reclaimable in their vicinities at Earth 911. Third, Starbuck recycling substructure. Starbuck Company proves that the cups that they are utilizing can be accepted as a valuable natural stuff in a assortment of recycling systems. Starbuck besides working and coaction as a member of the Foodservice Packaging Institute’s Paper Recovery Alliance and the Plastics Recovery Group to happen and convey up solutions to scale and turn to common challenges. Fourth, cut downing waste with reclaimable cups. Reclaimable cups are an of import constituent for Starbuck Company in the waste decrease scheme. Since 1985 Starbuck rewarded client with 5 % price reductions that bring their personal tumblers and 5 % of the drinks made in their shops in tumblers and brought in by their clients. I felt that this is the effectual manner to promote people to affect in recycling. Last, H2O preservation. In 2008, Starbuck Company has set a end to cut down H2O ingestion by 25 % in 2015. Since so, they have identified a figure of chances to utilize this cherished resource more sagely and spent the last few old ages proving and formalizing these solutions. They have cut H2O ingestion by 21.1 % through several steps, including the usage of efficient fixtures and equipment that actively monitors ingestion to place spikes in H2O use and taking action and upgrading the H2O filtration systems in their shops to take attention and protect about the cleanness of river and watercourse. Starbuck Company have besides dominate H2O extends to H2O ingestion, protection and functioning clean H2O in coffee-growing communities. Through C.A.F.E. Practices and the resources, Agronomists of Starbuck Company have provide java husbandmans at their six farmer support centres around the universe, Starbuck Company assist increase their output and quality, while still cut downing the H2O use for java processing and guaranting workers have entree clean imbibing H2O to supply clients a good and clean java. What are Starbuck making now are pull offing H2O that can be seen â€Å"going down the drain† provides one set of challenges, but much of their H2O footmark happens behind the scenes. Leaks can develop below floors, outside in sprinkler systems, even in lavatories. To battle these unseeable enemy, Starbucks Energy and Resource Conservation squad uses advanced analytics to place shops that are utilizing inordinate sums of H2O. Facilities experts will see the shops that are utilizing inordinate sums of H2O to name and rectify aberrant. This pattern has alleviation in inordinate H2O usage.The company objectives whether it complies with SMART attack in EMS.The Starbucks Company has complied with SMART attack in EMS. The company has specific mark to turn to, mensurable mark with demoing per centum, accomplishable mark, realistic with demoing how they achieve the mark, and time-bound. The Starbucks Company is seeking the ways to cut down environmental footmark, tackle clime alteration and stimulate others to make the same. The company have specific mark to accomplish their aims such as cut downing and recycling waste, energy preservation, H2O preservation, and edifice greener shops. For the specific mark of cut downing and recycling waste, the Starbucks Company has a mensurable program that to hold recycling available in all of their shops and serve 5 % of drinks in reclaimable cups by 2015. The mark is accomplishable and realistic because the Starbucks Company offered a 10-cent price reduction for client in order to promote clients to utilize reclaimable tumblers or mugs for their drink in the US and Canada. Furthermore, the clients who drink hot drink in shop are served with ceramic mugs. Besides, composition board boxes, milk jugs, sirup bottles, and java evidences which can be found behind the counter are sent to recycling services but recycling success depends on the obtainability of commercial recycling services where the shop is located. Another specific mark is energy preservation, time-bound is twelvemonth 2015, the Starbucks Company has mensurable mark that commit to cut down 25 % of energy ingestion and to cover 100 % electricity ingestion with renewable energy. The mark is accomplishable and realistic because the company has made significant advancement in developing and understanding new attacks to cut down energy ingestion in the last few old ages and go on to happen extra renewable solutions. Furthermore, the specific mark of H2O preservation, the Starbucks Company commit to cut down 25 % H2O use in all their shops by 2015. The mark is accomplishable and realistic because the company has changed uninterrupted watercourses of H2O to manual spigots, and clean liquidizer jugs utilizing a blast of higher force per unit area H2O alternatively of unfastened pat. Besides, the company besides plans to put in efficient H2O fixtures, such as lavatories, spray caputs used to rinse dishes, and low-flow spigots in new shops.Alternate ways to better environmental public presentation of the company beside the attack stated in company policy.Recycling and cut downing waste About the cup being used, there are many ways to cut down the cup waste through encourage client to utilize ceramic mug. Offer price reduction for utilizing ceramic mug and their ain cup alternatively of merely their Starbuck trade name cup. When staff giving order, may inquire client for utilizing ceramic mug if they are holding their java in the store. Use ceramic mug besides for clients when petition for H2O, cut down the usage of paper and fictile cup possible. In add-on, client environmental consciousness is of import excessively, non supply paper tissue in self-counter which client usage extravagancy, is merely provided one to two tissue for them when buying one drink. Energy preservation Energy play an of import function in a java store, from roasting java to the whole store, it use energy. However to cut down the usage of energy is trouble, even the LED lighting was installed, but it merely cut down non much per centum. There is a manner to cut down one of the usage of energy which is HVAC system: warming, airing, chilling. It could see landscaping the outdoor environment, put some comfy furniture at outdoor, have a screen and more works to do it a cool topographic point and good airing. If client prefer have drink at outside instead than indoor, therefore it could salvage more installations provided. Water preservation Water is everything for the Starbuck’s concern, from the doing drinks until the cleaning occupation, all about the H2O. A little wisdom of life for cleansing, we can utilize the H2O in a utile manner which use more than one. For illustration, utilize the H2O to blush lavatory after wash the veggies and fruits, and after wipe up the indoor would utilize the H2O to blush the outdoor. Furthermore, there are many save H2O technique offer in the market. In the market, there is a save H2O lavatory which merely flush 1.5 litre H2O one time alternatively of normal 3 litre H2O, it save 50 % of H2O in normal lavatory usage. In order to salvage H2O, centripetal spigot would besides see to utilize for client and staff, it will come out right sum H2O for wash manus. Undertaking clime alteration Presently Starbucks’s coffee-growing communities in Sumatra, Indonesia, and Chiapas, Mexico, nevertheless there are many Starbucks shop in different states. In other agencies, there is a high cost for transportation the java bean to each state which merely from certain coffee-growing communities, it besides consume a batch of fuel. Fuel is cherished naturals mineral, one twenty-four hours there will be exhausted. There is a manner to cut down the usage of fuel which is develop more coffee-growing communities in different states so that java bean can acquire in local and non reassign from other topographic point, it besides benefit to cut down cost of the drink. MentionsMother Nature Network Holding Company ( 2010 ) . Starbucks and the Environment. Retrieved on November 22, 2014 from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mnn.com/money/sustainable-business-practices/stories/starbucks-and-the-environmentSaed, T. ( 2009 ) . The Impact of One Cup of Starbucks Coffee. Retrieved on November 22, 2014 from: hypertext transfer protocol: //globalcitizens.pbworks.com/w/page/9036435/The % 20Impact % 20of % 20One % 20Cup % 20of % 20Starbucks % 20CoffeeTaylor, B. Kelly, J. ( 2013 ) Global Responsibility Report Goals & A ; Progress 2013. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.starbucks.com/responsibility/global-report.Starbucks Corporation. ( 2014 ) .Environmental Stewardship. Retrieved fromhypertext transfer protocol: //www.starbucks.com.my/responsibility/environment.

Different strategies Essay

Using guidelines on viewing, interpreting, and evaluating visual imagery, examine a visual image for its meaning. Develop a written analysis and evaluation of the image. The image viewed is that of a building plan of the library. The image contains lines and boxes and labels of the different sections of the building. The image is presented as a whole and viewing it as separate sections would likely destroy the meaning of the image. The image also communicates to the viewer the whole structure of the building and one viewing it can identify his/her spatial location in the building. The image is able to tell the viewer that the building is large, has several entrances and exits, it also tells one the nearest comfort room, librarian’s desk and where a specific book, journal or material is located. Generally, the image is simple and straightforward and is able to communicate to the viewer important information about the library. Explore how different texts require different reading strategies. Select a novel chapter, a textbook chapter, a magazine article and a web page, and engage each text and take appropriate notes. Then, reflect on how the different texts call for similar and different strategies. Taking notes when reading a chapter from a novel is difficult to do, it’s that we have been trained to read a novel as a complete story, and the notes I had were incomplete and did not really tell me what the story is about, it was just a set of conversations I found interesting. Reading a textbook chapter is different because it contains a lot of information and the text is arranged to focus on one topic, hence my notes were many and upon reading it, it was actually a summary of the textbook chapter. A magazine article calls for light reading, and unless one is really looking for specific information, nothing is there for me to take notes. Most of the information in magazine articles is commonsense and opinionated and one is moved to argue against the article or agree with it. Reading a web page is similar to the magazine article, however, one notices that the message is incomplete or there are more articles related to it that taking notes is impossible but one web page leads to another. Reread one of your recent essays. How does the writing show that you thoroughly understood your subject, met the needs of your audience, and achieved your writing purpose? I believe that my essay was able to communicate that I had a good understanding of my topic because the thesis statement was focused and enabled the reader to identify the direction of the essay. Moreover, the essay provided a brief but information-rich discussion of the topic and its background. Then it proceeded to present my arguments and it was backed by existing information from reliable sources. I also was able to provide an alternative argument so that the reader would be given the opportunity to agree or disagree with my arguments. I then finished it with a short summary and conclusion and an invitation to the reader to engage in the same. Review the wording of a recent writing assignment. What are the key words, restrictions, and options? What does the description tell you about the purpose, audience, form, and assessment of the writing? What strategies from this chapter would you use to get started? A recent writing assignment I completed was the personal essay about the most influential person in my life. The key words for the assignment were influential person, inspiration and learning. Since it was a personal essay the only restrictions was that names should not be used, although one could identify the relationship of the person to the writer. The option given was that in the event that one could not identify a person, then it could be a personal experience. The writing assignment implied that it was going to be a personal essay that the use of first person is allowed and that it was casual and emotional and the purpose is to share with readers a very personal part of my life. I would be able to use the brainstorming exercise, as well as the dialogue writing and how to convey emotions in what we write.

Why Was Stalin Able to Become Leader of Russia by 1926?

Why was Stalin able to become leader of Russia by 1926? (7) In January 1924, Lenin, the Leader of the Russian communist party died. Trotsky, the leader of the Red army seemed like Lenin’s successor at the time as he played a major role in the civil war. Meanwhile, Stalin held two positions: People’s commissar for Nationalities (responsible for the different nationalities in the Soviet empire) and General Secretary (responsible for the day to day running of the party. He was also a member of the Politburo, the party leaders who ran the country after Lenin’s death.They consist of Stalin, Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Bukharin, Rykov and Tomsky. As Lenin’s funeral was organized by Stalin since he was regarded as the party’s administrator because of his position as General Secretary, Stalin was able to deliver the oration. This enabled him to portray himself as the chief mourner, and heir to Lenin. Stalin also telegrammed Trotsky the wrong date. Many saw Trotsky’s absent as disrespect for Lenin who had assumed a God-like status so his reputation was damaged. As a result, Lenin’s funeral gained Stalin support and made Trotsky unpopular, contributing to his success in being the leader of Russia.Apart from that, the fact that the Politburo decided not to publish Lenin’s Testament which contains criticisms of them also contributes to Stalin’s success. This is because in his testament, Lenin had wanted Stalin removed from his position. Members of the party may not have supported Stalin if they had read the testament containing criticisms of him. They would probably support Lenin’s desire for Stalin to be removed from his position. Apart from enabling Stalin to gain support during Lenin’s funeral, his position as General Secretary also contributes to his success in becoming Russia’s leader in many ways.As it enabled him to access personal files of party members, Stalin gained information wh ich he could use against his rivals. Furthermore, it also gave him the right to appoint new party members so he appointed his supporters. During Lenin Enrolment between 1923-5, over half a million new members joined the party as it gave them privileges. This made them loyal to Stalin as he had allowed them into the party. New members could easily identify with Stalin because of his humble, peasant background and support for Stalin grew. On the other hand, Trotsky was unpopular.He came from a wealthy Jewish background and had a late conversion to Bolshevism. He was an intellectual who appeared arrogant. He also did not cultivate support but worked alone. This could be because of his poor judgment regarding other people. Trotsky also believed in the ‘Permanent Revolution’ but in contrast, Stalin promoted ‘Socialism in one country’. Many feared that Trotsky’s idea of world revolution would ruin Russia so support increased for Stalin. In 1924, Trotsky sa id the party’s bureaucracy was too big and was working for its own benefit.He was isolated by Stalin as Stalin had joined with Zinoviev and Kamenev to form the ‘Triumvirate’. This happened before Lenin’s death and the aim of this alliance is to prevent Trotsky from being the next party leader. They campaigned against Trotsky by publishing his disagreement s with Lenin during 1903-7. They also used Stalin’s position as General Secretary and the 1921 ban against factions to remove Trotsky’s supporters from their influential positions. This led to Trotsky being constantly isolated and outvoted.In 1925, Trotsky was forced to resign from his position of Commissar for War. Stalin, as a member of the ‘Triumvirate’ has partly defeated the Left Opposition. However, In April 1926, Zinoviev and Kamenev realized that Stalin is exploiting his position as he used it to appoint his supporters into the party. They joined forces with Trotsky to f orm the United Opposition. They planned to restore Party and Soviet democracy and end the NEP (New Economic Policy). They were defeated in 1926 at the central committee meeting because Stalin called in his support and banned them from speaking.He also used his control of Party Congresses and elections to outvote them. They worked secretly but were then accused of factionalism (breaking the party) and were expelled from the party. The United Opposition was successfully defeated by Stalin and the party is now full of his supporters. As a conclusion, Stalin’s political schemes with the aid which his position as General Secretary offered enabled him to remove his rivals, gain support and power so he was able to become leader of Russia by 1926. Beatrice 11. 1

Building Trust

You want results! Group Work (optional): Assume it is the ? rst day on the job as the new manager of this team. Discuss what you should do. Writing Exercises (optional): Write a message to the managers of your new organization, setting expectations about the team and goals they will be working towards moving forward. Describe your leadership style and approach to the challenge. Make your message motivational. Discussion Questions: †¢ Have you ever had to build trust with a large number of people who are fundamentally different than you? What did you do? What are the advantages of disadvantages of being the boss who is feared? †¢ Do you agree with all the things Jim does to earn the trust of his team? Why or why not? †¢ Do you think Jim will still have the respect of his team if he is so focused on serving them and their needs? Why or why not? Oral Presentations (optional): As the new manager, give an introductory speech to the managers in your organization about you an d the goals you hope to achieve. Clearly state the messages you want to convey to your direct reports. Role Play (optional): Discussion between Manager (Jim) and his Supervisor (Sam) whose leadership philosophy is very different and thinks a manager should be feared by his people. Explain yourself and try to gain your supervisor’s trust. †¢ Background for Manager (Jim): You believe you should think of your team as your customers and make every effort to make their job easier. You do not want to be feared by your people and think you will be even more productive thanks to your leadership style. †¢ Background for Supervisor (Sam): You think the new manager needs to come in strong and put fear in his employees to achieve. Discuss how they will be distributed. Will you incentivize the high performers by awarding them with new headsets ? rst? Discussion Questions: †¢ Do you agree with all the things Jim does to earn the trust of his team? Why or why not? †¢ Do you think Jim will still have the respect of his team if he is so focused on serving them and their needs? Why or why not? †¢ Is there anything Jim should do differently and how successful do you think he will be with his approach? †¢ As a manager, what are the advantages and disadvantages of seeing your team as your customers? Role Play (optional): Discussion between Manager (Jim) and direct report (Fred) who believes everybody needs new headsets and new chairs. †¢ Background for Manager (Jim): You believe you should make your people more comfortable, but you are limited in budget and must make your people and Fred understand there are limits to what you can do for them. †¢ Background for Direct Report (Fred): You think everybody needs new headsets and chairs. You know the new manager is anxious to make a positive impression and you think this purchase could help. Group Work (optional): What does Jim mean by having an â€Å"early victories† when he talks about getting new headsets? What kind of a precedent does this set and how should he manage expectations for the future? 3 Building Trust | Jim Roth Copyright  © 2007 by the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University. All Rights Reserved. Teaching Notes Building Trust (DVD Title: Building Trust in a Large Organization) Center for Leadership Development and Research Leadership in Focus Video Segment 3 and 4: (Run Time: 2 minutes 10 seconds) Writing Exercises (optional): As the Manager, write an email to your team telling them how you want them to come to you when they have problems. You want them to understand you are there to help them, but also don’t want them to abuse this privilege. Make the message motivational. Result and Lessons Learned: Manager receives feedback from his people and sees this as a victory that he has earned their trust. To earn trust and improve performance, it is important to learn the details about your people to determine why they come to work everyday.